Part 1, chapter 4. You never develop on a live site. This chapter sets up an installation of your own where you can break things, read the debug output and try every example in this book. It takes a few commands; everything after the clone is the same whether you work on a laptop, a virtual machine or a container.
What you get
- The kernel and every extension as Git clones, so you can read their history and keep your changes on a branch.
- A database in one SQLite file, so there is no database server to set up.
- A web server started with one command.
- Debug output switched on, so errors are shown instead of hidden.
Step 1: get the code as Git clones
Tell Composer once to install every se7enxweb/* package as a Git clone:
composer config --global 'preferred-install.se7enxweb/*' sourceThen clone the kernel, start your own branch and install the packages:
git clone https://github.com/se7enxweb/exponential.git
cd exponential
git switch -c my-dev
composer installThe first composer install takes a few minutes: it clones every extension the kernel's composer.json requires into
extension/<name>, each a Git repository of its own. The full explanation, including how to update later, is in
Getting the code and Develop with Git.
Check:
ls -d extension/*/.git | wc -l
git -C extension/eztags log --oneline -3Expected: a number of extension clones, and the last three commits of one of them.
Step 2: install with one command
php bin/php/console exp:install --applyWith no options this installs the sevenx_multisite site package on SQLite, in eng-US, and prints a summary
with the site address, the administration login and a generated administrator password (also written to
var/log/initial-admin-password, readable by its owner only). Every option, and the other databases, are documented
in The console install.
Many developers add a shortcut so that ./console works from the root:
ln -s bin/php/console console
./console list | headThe shortcut is not part of the distributed files; this book writes ./console and assumes you made it.
Warning
exp:install refuses to run over an existing installation unless you pass --force, and its default
--db-action=remove empties the database it is given. On your own development machine with SQLite that is what
you want. Never point it at a database that holds anything you care about.
Step 3: start a web server
The quickest is Velocity with PHP's built-in server engine, the shipped default:
./console exp:velocity startsettings/velocity.ini ships with [ServerSettings] Engine=php, which runs php -S with the router
bin/php/velocity-router.php; its port is set in [PHPServerSettings] (8087 by default, see
Serving the site). Open the address the summary of exp:install printed,
then the administration. For an Apache or nginx setup, the same chapter has complete examples.
Step 4: make mistakes visible
A live site hides its errors from visitors. A development site should show them. Make the changes in your own
settings extension or the override directory of your development machine, never in settings/site.ini itself:
./console exp:ini set site.ini/DebugSettings/DebugOutput enabled global --allow-root-user
./console exp:ini set site.ini/TemplateSettings/ShowUsedTemplates enabled global --allow-root-user
./console exp:ini set site.ini/TemplateSettings/TemplateCompile disabled global --allow-root-user
php bin/php/ezcache.php --clear-tag=ini --allow-root-user| Setting | Default | On a development machine | What it does |
|---|---|---|---|
[DebugSettings] DebugOutput | disabled | enabled | Errors, warnings, timing and SQL appear below each page |
[TemplateSettings] ShowUsedTemplates | disabled | enabled | The debug output lists every template a page used, and which override chose it |
[TemplateSettings] TemplateCompile | enabled | disabled while you edit templates | Templates are read fresh on every request instead of from the compiled cache |
[TemplateSettings] ShowTemplatePathComments | disabled | enabled when you hunt for a template | HTML comments in the page source name the template of each part |
exp:ini set ... global writes settings/override/site.ini.append.php and keeps a backup; --dry-run shows the
change first. The settings are explained in
Debug output and logs for developers.
Tip
Debug output is shown to everyone who can open the page unless you limit it. On a machine only you can reach,
that is fine. Anywhere else, use DebugByIP=enabled with DebugIPList[], or DebugByUser=enabled with
DebugUserIDList[], both in [DebugSettings].
Step 5: a place for your own extensions
Create a folder for the extension you will build in the tutorials and put it under version control from the start:
mkdir -p extension/mysite_hello
git -C extension/mysite_hello initIf you prefer to keep your own extensions outside extension/, the kernel can search additional folders; see
Extensions in more than one folder.
Rules that keep development and live apart
| Rule | Why |
|---|---|
| Never develop on the live site | A typo in a template or a settings file takes the page down for every visitor. |
Never copy settings/override/ from live to development or back | It holds database passwords and host-specific values. Each machine keeps its own. |
| Use a copy of live content only when you must | Live content can contain personal data. A fresh exp:install with the demo package is usually enough. |
| Commit your extension, not the kernel | Your work lives in extension/<yours>; the kernel is updated through Composer and Git, not by your edits. |
| Turn debug output off before anything goes live | Debug output reveals paths, SQL and settings. |
When something goes wrong
| Symptom | What to check |
|---|---|
composer install stops with a PHP version error | php -v; the kernel needs PHP 8.0 or later (PHP 7.4 usable without support) |
exp:install stops before the summary | its own message names the check that failed; the log is in var/log/ |
| The site shows a blank page | var/log/error.log, and the PHP error log of your web server |
| A change to a template has no effect | template compilation: clear the template cache, or set TemplateCompile=disabled while developing |
| A new class is not found | php bin/php/ezpgenerateautoloads.php -e, then clear the caches |
Related pages
- Previous: The tools you need
- Next: Your first hour as a developer
- Getting the code, The console install, Serving the site
- Develop with Git
- Free documentation: this page is free to copy, translate and improve under the GNU FDL 1.3.
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